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The Czech Republic's competition authority has issued a preliminary ruling rejecting the appeals by Westinghouse and EDF about the tender process for new nuclear units in the country which saw Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power selected.

In a ruling published on Thursday, the Office for the Protection of Competition (UOHS) said it had "decided in the first instance on the proposals of the companies Électricité de France and Westinghouse Electric Company LLC against the procedure of the contracting authority Elektrárna Dukovany II in the tender for the construction of a new nuclear power plant. The proceedings on the proposals of both companies were mostly terminated, while other parts of the proposals were rejected. The decisions are not final and the parties to the proceedings may lodge an appeal with the Chairman of the Office".

It said that Westinghouse's objection "against the procedure of the contracting authority outside the framework of the Public Procurement Act on the basis of the so-called security exception" did not proceed "because the company should have filed its objections to the use of the exemption no later than 15 days after it became aware of the use of this procedure, which was in March 2022. However, the objections were not received by the contracting authority until 1 August 2024".

It also says that "both applicants also argued that the contracting authority had acted illegally in failing to comply with the basic principles of public procurement ... for example, the substantial extension of the subject of performance of the public contract in question, the inability of the preferred supplier to perform the contract, etc". However this complaint was also not taken forward "because no legal objections can be raised against the specific procedure of the contracting authority in awarding the public contract outside the procurement procedure using the exception under Article 29(a) of the Public Procurement Act".

Both companies claimed that foreign subsidy regulations had been infringed, with EDF also alleging "a breach of the 3E principles as well", which refers to the benchmarking process for tenders. But the office "rejected the proposals in these parts because they were not directed against a procedure which the contracting authority is required to follow under the Public Procurement Act".

Because these are not final rulings the competition office added that "the prohibition to conclude a contract for the tender in question remains in effect until the decision in the case comes into force".

The ruling was published the day after it emerged that there was a ban on signing the contract pending a decision on the case. Speaking on Wednesday, Deputy Prime Minister Vlastimil Válek said that was "the standard procedure of the Office" and happens in many hundreds of cases a year "so it's nothing out of the ordinary - it's part of our legislation and I don't think it should jeopardise any of that timetable in any way".

ČEZ Group also issued a statement saying that its project company for the two new units, had "proceeded from the very beginning in accordance with the applicable laws" and it was "conducting negotiations with the preferred supplier, which is the Korean company KHNP, regarding the form of the final contract. According to the current schedule, it should be ready for signing by 31 March 2025. It can be expected that by then the ÚOHS will be able to make a decision in the proceedings so that the signing of the contract with the preferred supplier is not delayed".

The background

The Czech Republic currently gets about one-third of its electricity from the four VVER-440 units at Dukovany, which began operating between 1985 and 1987, and the two VVER-1000 units in operation at Temelín, which came into operation in 2000 and 2002.

In October last year, Westinghouse, EDF and KHNP submitted binding bids for a fifth unit at the Dukovany nuclear power plant, and non-binding offers for up to three more units - another one at Dukovany and two at the Temelin nuclear power plant. Westinghouse was proposing its AP1000, EDF was proposing its EPR1200 reactor, KHNP was proposing its APR1000. But in February the Czech government announced it was changing the tender to be binding offers for four new units, with Westinghouse not included because it "did not meet the necessary conditions".

Prime Minister Petr Fiala explained at the time that the decision to switch to binding offers for all four units was the result of the original tender suggesting that contracting for four units, rather than having separate processes, could have a 25% benefit in terms of costs.

In July, he announced KHNP as the preferred bidder, with contract negotiations to begin with the aim of signing contracts for the initial unit by the end of March 2025 - the target for test operation of the first new unit is 2036 with commercial operation in 2038. He said the winning tender "based on the evaluation of experts, offered better conditions in most of the evaluated criteria, including the price". The KHNP bid was for a cost of around CZK200 billion (USD8.6 billion) per unit, if two units were contracted.

Nuclear energy - including the nuclear supply chain - is at the core of the Government of Ontario's plans to build critical infrastructure and spur economic growth set out in its latest economic statement.

The 2024 Ontario Economic Outlook and Fiscal Review: Building Ontario for You was released by Minister of Finance Peter Bethlenfalvy, who said the province's fiscal position had improved since the 2024 Budget which was released in March. The minister said the province - which is supporting both nuclear new-build and the refurbishment of existing units - will "continue investing responsibly to support Ontario’s growth and rebuild Ontario’s economy to make our province the best place to live, work and raise a family".

Nuclear already provides more than 50% of the province's power, and Ontario is building on its "nuclear advantage" to meet growing electricity demand, the review says. The government is working with Ontario Power Generation (OPG) to start planning and licensing for three additional small modular reactors (SMRs) at the Darlington New Nuclear project, in addition to the first phase plant, for which site preparation is already under way. It is also working with Bruce Power on pre‐development work for the first large‐scale nuclear build in more than three decades in Canada.

The Ontario government is also supporting OPG's plans to refurbish units 5-8 at the Pickering nuclear power plant, as well as ongoing refurbishment projects at OPG's Darlington and Bruce Power's Bruce plants.

It has also introduced the Ontario Sustainable Bond Framework, enabling Green Bonds to fund environmentally beneficial projects, including nuclear energy.

Supply chain

"Ontario’s expansion of nuclear energy is cementing the province’s position as a global leader in new nuclear technologies, creating new export opportunities that will drive economic growth," the review notes, highlighting recent trade missions to Romania and France, which have secured "significant deals totalling CAD360 million that will leverage the province’s nuclear expertise to create jobs for Ontario workers and grow its nuclear supply chain". (CAD360 million is about USD259 million.) OPG and other Ontario nuclear supply chain providers had previously signed major agreements worth around CAD1 billion to export nuclear products and services to other countries, including Poland, Estonia and the Czech Republic.

In addition, it is "leveraging the expertise of OPG and its subsidiary Laurentis Energy Partners to support a new collaboration agreement with SaskPower in the deployment of a small modular reactor in Saskatchewan". This would also create more jobs for the Ontario economy, the review says.

Earlier in October, Ontario's Independent Electricity System Operator issued an updated forecast projecting that power demand in the province will increase faster than previously expected over the next 25 years, with annual consumption rising from 151 TWh in 2025 to 263 TWh in 2050. This accelerated pace of demand growth is primarily due to the industrial sector, including additional electric vehicle supply chain manufacturing, and energy-intensive data centres, as well as an increasing population and focus on electrification.

Ontario's Independent Electricity System Operator (IESO) said the government's new vision document "reinforces the importance of several IESO initiatives under way to meet the growing needs of the province, such as the competitive procurement of new electricity generation and expanding energy efficiency programs that will help keep electricity affordable for all Ontarians".

Great British Nuclear (GBN) has issued an “invitation to negotiate” to the four companies that were chosen for the shortlist of the UK government’s small modular reactor (SMR) selection process.

GBN, the public body set up to drive the delivery of new nuclear energy projects in the UK, said that after these negotiations are concluded, the companies will be invited to submit final tenders, which GBN will then evaluate.

A final decision on which technologies to select will be taken in the spring. GBN said it will provide further updates in due course.

The four companies remaining in the process are GE Hitachi Nuclear Energy International, Holtec Britain Ltd, Rolls Royce SMR Ltd and Westinghouse Electric Company UK.

The two companies that were on an initial list of six, but were not included in the list of four, were EDF and US-based NuScale Power.

French state-owned utility and nuclear operator EDF said in July that it had pulled out of the competition after deciding to shift away from its indigenous Nuward technology to a design based on proven technology only.

The UK government gave no reason for NuScale’s failure to make the list of four. In November 2023, NuScale cancelled its first SMR project, in the US, as costs increased.

Industry Calls For No Delays

Tom Greatrex, chief executive of the London-based Nuclear Industry Association, said that whilst it is good to see the UK SMR competition reach this stage, what is critical is reaching a decision as soon as possible without any further delays to the now published timeline.

“Confidence in the UK government’s pronouncements on support for SMRs rests on fulfilling commitments made today,” Greatrex said.

“It is vital for supply chain confidence as well as driving the wider nuclear ambition.”

Greatrex called for the government to empower GBN to buy more sites, starting with Heysham, so “we can deliver a fleet of SMRs for clean, reliable, British power and good, skilled jobs”.

The SMR competition for UK government support was launched last year by the then Conservative government, as part of a strategy to replenish the UK’s dwindling nuclear power fleet, most of which is due to shut down by the end of the decade.

It has been running behind the initial schedule to award contracts by the end of summer 2024.

Sweden-based small modular reactor (SMR) developer Blykalla and global engineering company ABB have signed a memorandum of understanding to develop advanced nuclear reactor technology and potentially build an electrical SMR pilot facility near the existing Oskarshamn nuclear power station south of Stockholm.

Blykalla said the SMR pilot facility, which will not use nuclear fuel, will test proof of concept before expanding to future plants.

ABB, a Swedish-Swiss multinational, will explore how its automation, electrification and digitalisation solutions can support Blykalla’s SMR prototype the Sealer-E, which features an electric lead-cooled reactor. This includes cyber security frameworks to ensure compliance with nuclear safety regulations.

Lead-cooled nuclear plants are not yet operating, but are being developed as next-generation, or Generation IV, reactors. Lead has a very high boiling temperature of 1,749°C which means the problem of coolant boiling is for all practical purposes eliminated. This brings with it important safety advantages that also result in design simplification and improved economic performance.

ABB’s expertise of power distribution, control and automation technologies, and system integration, will “lay the groundwork” for a successful deployment of advanced nuclear technologies as part of the collaboration, a statement said.

Blykalla’s Sealer SMR plant uses liquid lead cooling and has what the company said are unique safety elements and proprietary innovations.

The company said it wants to provide baseload energy to enable a complete transition to a fossil-free future and is collaborating with partners to deliver Sweden’s next nuclear reactor within this decade.

Blykalla announced in September that it had doubled the capital raised in an early-stage investment round to €14m ($15.2m) as it seeks to industrialise its Sealer design.

Focus Is On Two Advanced Reactor Projects

Blykalla is focused on two projects – the construction of the electric Sealer-Enon-nuclear prototype test reactor at Oskarshamn and the development of its flagship advanced reactor design demonstrator the Sealer-One.

Blykalla said earlier that the funds announced in September will primarily be used for the construction of the prototype test reactor in collaboration with utilities OKG and Uniper, and the continued design and development of the Sealer-One.

The Oskarshamn prototype will be used for materials testing at high temperature, including testing of Blykalla’s innovative corrosion-tolerant steel alloys, which are expected to enable the efficient cooling of liquid lead.

Blykalla has also signed an MOU with Sweden-based nuclear engineering and services company Studsvik to conduct a feasibility study on the construction and operation of a demonstration Sealer reactor with associated infrastructure for fuel fabrication in Nyköping, south of Stockholm.

According to Blykalla, construction of the electric prototype reactor is expected to start at Oskarshamn by the end of 2024. A demonstration deployment of the actual Sealer-One lead-cooled reactor is expected by the end of the decade.

Sweden’s six commercial nuclear power plants provide almost 30% of the country’s electricity. In November 2023, the government unveiled a roadmap to expand nuclear energy, increasing new capacity by 2,500 MW by 2035 and building up to 10,000 MW by 2045, which could include SMRs.

The Czech anti-monopoly office UOHS has put a temporary hold on the conclusion of a contract with South Korea’s state-owned Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Company (KHNP) for the construction of two new nuclear power plants following challenges by Westinghouse and EDF.

UOHS said that the preliminary measure to prohibit the conclusion of the contract for new reactors at the existing Dukovany nuclear site was not indicative of how the case will be decided and was standard procedure in such a case.

The measure comes after the office started official proceedings work in September following appeals from US-based Westinghouse and France’s EDF against the country’s choice in July of KHNP as preferred bidder to build new nuclear reactors.

The Czech government and majority state-owned utility ČEZ have said they aim to conclude negotiations with KHNP and sign contracts by next March. The first reactor at the site could be online by 2036.

ČEZ said it believed the preliminary measure would not impact the tender's schedule. “The company is convinced it acted in accordance with the applicable laws from the first moment in the selection of the preferred bidder,” it said.

UOHS had said earlier that the complaint by EDF demanded that UOHS cancels decisions by a unit of the 70% state-owned ČEZ on evaluating bids.

The complaint by US-based Westinghouse focused on the use of a national security exception that suspended public procurement rules, it said. Westinghouse also appealed a decision not to be invited into the second round of the tender.

EDF has also filed a complaint with the European Union competition regulator over the decision to pick KHNP.

EDF said it wants to ensure that KHNP’s offer to ČEZ “respects fundamental European principles, laws and regulations”.

TerraPower has signed a term sheet with ASP Isotopes Inc for the construction of a uranium enrichment facility in South Africa and a supply agreement for fuel delivery for the Natrium small modular reactor.

The term sheet contemplates the preparation of definitive agreements pursuant to which TerraPower would provide funding for the construction of a high-assay low-enriched uranium (HALEU) production facility. In addition, the parties anticipate entering into a long-term supply agreement for the HALEU expected to be produced at this facility pursuant to which the customer would purchase all the HALEU produced at the facility over a 10-year period after the expected completion of the facility.

It is anticipated that the definitive agreements will be assigned to ASP Isotopes' wholly-owned subsidiary, Quantum Leap Energy LLC. The term sheet contains non-binding and binding provisions, including a period of exclusivity during which ASP Isotopes will not negotiate with third parties for the supply of HALEU or work on another ASP technology-based uranium enrichment facility.

ASP Isotopes said it is in discussions with certain financial institutions to provide additional capital for the HALEU production facility. The company said it believes that its enrichment technologies can be deployed in a new HALEU facility for considerably lower capital costs, and in much less time, compared with the construction of an enrichment facility using a traditional centrifuge process of HALEU production. ASP has already constructed or is in the process of constructing three isotope enrichment facilities in South Africa.

"Over the last several decades, the scientists at ASP Isotopes have developed some of the world's most advanced isotope enrichment technologies," said ASP Isotopes Chairman and CEO Paul Mann. "This term sheet is further validation of our belief that ASP Isotopes can offer scalable and capital efficient technology solutions to the supply challenges which exist in global isotope markets."

TerraPower said its agreement with ASP "is one of many investments TerraPower has made to secure access to the fuel for the Natrium reactor and energy storage system being developed in Kemmerer, Wyoming".

The company has also made multiple strategic agreements and investments to help spur domestic production capabilities in the USA and ensure a robust and competitive front end of the nuclear fuel cycle. These include MoUs and agreements with Centrus for HALEU commercialisation, Framatome to develop a HALEU metallisation plant and Uranium Energy Corporation to explore the use of Wyoming uranium as a potential fuel source for Natrium plants.

Once enriched, Natrium's fuel will be fabricated at the Natrium Fuel Facility in Wilmington, North Carolina, which is under development at the Global Nuclear Fuel–Americas site through a significant investment by TerraPower and the US Department of Energy (DOE). TerraPower also remains an active member and participant of DOE's HALEU Consortium.

"TerraPower has been working diligently to ensure a stable, secure HALEU supply chain for our Natrium reactors," said TerraPower President and CEO Chris Levesque. "This agreement is another example of our commitment and investments to commercialise HALEU production domestically and in allied countries. We are optimistic about ASP Isotopes enrichment capabilities and planned timeline to help ensure advanced nuclear energy can achieve its necessary role in meeting climate energy targets."

TerraPower broke ground for the first-of-a-kind advanced reactor plant at Kemmerer in Wyoming in June this year. The 345 MWe sodium-cooled fast reactor with a molten salt-based energy storage system - which can boost the system's output to 500 MW of power when needed, allowing it to integrate seamlessly with renewable resources - is being built near a retiring coal-fired plant.

The first level of the inner containment building for unit 2 of Egypt's El Dabaa nuclear power plant is in place.

The inner containment building is a cylindrical reinforced concrete structure which houses the nuclear reactor and the primary circuit equipment of the nuclear power plant. It has a domed roof and will be surrounded by a similar shaped, but larger, outer containment building.

The inner containment building consists of 12 leaf-type segments, each weighing between 60 and 80 tonnes. The first segment was installed on 26 September and the final section installed less than a month later, on 24 October. The installation of the first tier of the inner containment building for unit 1 took three months, between March and May this year.

Amged El-Wakeel, chairman of the Nuclear Power Plants Authority (NPPA) of Egypt, was at the site to announce the landmark moment.

El Dabaa will be Egypt's first nuclear power plant, and the first in Africa since South Africa's Koeberg was built nearly 40 years ago. The Rosatom-led project is about 320 kilometres north-west of Cairo and will comprise four VVER-1200 units, like those already in operation at the Leningrad and Novovoronezh nuclear power plants in Russia, and the Ostrovets plant in Belarus.

Rosatom will not only build the plant, but will also supply Russian nuclear fuel for its entire life cycle. It will also assist Egyptian partners in training personnel and plant maintenance for the first 10 years of its operation. Rosatom is also contracted to build a special storage facility and supply containers for storing used nuclear fuel. Construction of the nuclear power plant began in July 2022.

Micro modular reactor and TRISO fuel company Ultra Safe Nuclear Corporation says it is seeking to run a sale process after filing for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in the USA.

Ultra Safe Nuclear Corporation (USNC) says it has obtained debtor-in-possession financing that will help ensure it "will maintain full operational continuity across its projects, including the deployment of its Micro Modular Reactor systems in the US, Canada, large scale production of TRISO-based and Fully Ceramic Microencapsulated fuels, and the fulfilment of space and defence projects for multiple US government agencies" during the process.

It said it had entered into an asset purchase agreement with Standard Nuclear to "serve as the Stalking Horse Bidder for USNC's fuel-related assets and technology development contracts" with a price for the assets of USD28 million, and has asked the court for approval to complete the transaction in December. The filing took place on Tuesday.

Kirk Edwards, Chairman of USNC’s Board of Directors, said: "Ultra Safe Nuclear remains steadfast in its dedication to bringing safe, commercially competitive, clean and reliable nuclear energy to global power and industrial markets. After carefully exploring all available options, we have decided that this court-supervised sale process offers the best path forward while ensuring continuity across our key technology initiatives.

"These initiatives include bringing our TRISO-based fuels to market, deploying MMRs as a carbon-free energy solution, and advancing essential technologies for the US Department of Defense, NASA, and the UK Department of Energy Security and Net Zero. We are pleased to begin this process with an agreed-upon offer from an entity aligned with our strategic objectives and experienced in the sector."

The court filing says that many of the company's products were still being developed, so historical revenue was low compared with operating losses, with equity investments covering the difference. It added that since 2022 there was a fundraising round which "successfully attracted interest from a variety of potential investors, including a large asset management company, pension funds, utilities, family offices, large IT companies, corporate investment funds, and various other private equity funds; however, these investments were largely contingent upon the Debtors securing an 'anchor' investor. While the Debtors attracted the interest of an anchor investor, the investor was not able to raise sufficient funds for the investment".

The "most significant investor" for the company had been board chairman Richard Hollis Helms, whose family invested about USD100 million and loaned USD24.6 million. He died in May and "since then, the Debtors have continued to search for new capital sources to continue funding their research and development efforts pending the full launch of their products and projects".

USNC's MMR is a 45 MW thermal, 15 MW electrical high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, using TRISO fuel in prismatic graphite blocks. The graphite blocks contain stacks of ceramic FCM fuel pellets. The helium-cooled reactor can be flexibly fuelled with uranium enrichments from 9% to 19.75% and will have an initial licensed nuclear plant lifetime of 40 years. The company is currently working on deployment projects at Canadian Nuclear Laboratories' Chalk River site in Ontario, Canada, and at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign in the USA.

Its Pylon microreactor is a containerised system capable of producing 1.5-5 MWe with a lower mass than the MMR high-temperature gas-cooled reactor system. The system is designed to be easily transportable to off-grid locations both on Earth and in space: for terrestrial use, the system comprises separate nuclear heat supply system and balance-of-plant modules, each individually fitting within a standard 20 ft (6 m) container.

TRISO (from tristructural-isotropic) fuel particles contain spheres of uranium oxycarbide (or uranium dioxide) coated with ceramic layers that contain fission products inside the particle and ensure its mechanical and chemical stability during irradiation and temperature changes. The US Department of Energy has described TRISO as the most robust nuclear fuel on Earth. Framatome and USNC agreed on a joint venture last year with the goal of manufacturing TRISO particles and FCM fuel in late 2025.

Ceremonies have been held to mark the completion of units 1 and 2 of South Korea's Shin Hanul nuclear power plant, as well as the start of construction of units 3 and 4 at the plant. The new APR1400 units are scheduled to be completed by 2032 and 2033, respectively.

Shin Hanul units 1 and 2 - both APR1400 units - entered commercial operation in December 2022 and April this year, respectively. Speaking at the ceremony, President Yoon Seok-yeol noted, "Shin Hanul units 1 and 2 are the first nuclear power plants completed under our government, and Shin Hanul units 3 and 4 are the first nuclear power plants to be started."

In November 2014, Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power (KHNP) signed an agreement with Ulchin County to build Shin Hanul 3 and 4. The company applied for a construction licence for the units in January 2016. Site preparation for the two units was originally scheduled to begin in May 2017, with commercial operation of unit 3 scheduled for December 2022, with unit 4 following a year later. However, KHNP announced in May 2017 that it had instructed Kepco Engineering & Construction - which signed a design contract in March 2016 - to suspend work for the planned units as a result of the then new President Moon Jae-in's policy of phasing out nuclear power. Work towards licensing the new units was to continue.

President Yoon - who assumed power in May 2022 - reversed the former president's policy of phasing out nuclear power. In July 2022, Yoon encouraged a speedy restoration of the country's "nuclear power plant ecosystem" after Minister of Trade, Industry and Energy Lee Chang-yang set out plans for revitalising South Korea's nuclear power industry, including the aim for work on Shin Hanul 3 and 4 to resume as early as 2024.

"During the last presidential election, I visited this very site where construction of Shin Hanul units 3 and 4 was halted and promised the people that if I were elected president, I would immediately restore the nuclear power ecosystem and immediately resume construction of Shin Hanul units 3 and 4," Yoon said at today's ceremony.

Preparatory groundwork began for the construction of the two APR1400s following the approval by the South Korean government of the project's implementation plan in June 2023. The approval of the plan effectively approved 20 licensing and permitting procedures under the jurisdiction of 11 ministries required for the construction of nuclear power plants. South Korea's Nuclear Safety and Security Commission issued a licence to KHNP for the construction of Shin Hanul 3 and 4 in September.

In March last year, KHNP and Doosan Enerbility signed a KRW2.9 trillion (USD2.2 billion) contract for the supply of the main equipment for Shin Hanul 3 and 4. Under the contract - which will run for 10 years - Doosan Enerbility will supply the nuclear reactors, steam generators and turbine generators for the two APR1400 units.

"Since our government took office, KRW8.7 trillion worth of work has been ordered for nuclear power plants," Yoon said. "In addition to the construction of Shin Hanul units 3 and 4, the ongoing construction of Saeul units 3 and 4, the continued operation of existing nuclear power plants, and overseas nuclear power plant orders, many orders have been placed."

He added: "As of the first half of this year, orders for Shin Hanul units 3 and 4 have exceeded KRW1 trillion, and once construction begins in earnest, more work will pour in, greatly revitalising the local economy." A total of KRW8.13 trillion worth of work is expected to be ordered for the project by 2033, Yoon noted.

"We are now in the midst of a nuclear renaissance," the president said. "As countries around the world rush to build nuclear power plants, a global nuclear power market worth KRW1 trillion is opening up. Using the Czech nuclear power plant order as a springboard, I and the government will further open the export path for our nuclear power industry."

Yoon said the government will prepare a mid to long-term nuclear power roadmap for 2050 within the year and present a vision and comprehensive plan for the nuclear power industry. It will also aim to enact a special law on supporting the nuclear power industry.

TerraPower, the nuclear innovation company founded by Bill Gates, has entered into a non-binding agreement with ASP Isotopes related to the construction of a uranium enrichment facility capable of producing high assay low-enriched uranium (Haleu) and the future supply of Haleu for TerraPower’s reactors.

Washington-based ASP Isotopes, which is developing technology and processes for the production of isotopes for use in multiple industries, said the “term sheet” with TerraPower outlines early-stage proposals for TerraPower to provide funding for the construction of a uranium enrichment facility and buy Haleu when the facility is in operation.

A term sheet is a document that outlines the key terms and conditions of a proposed investment or transaction.

The two companies hope to enter into a long-term supply agreement for TerraPower to buy all the Haleu produced at the facility over a 10-year period after the expected completion of the facility.

The term sheet contains non-binding and binding provisions, including a period of exclusivity during which ASP Isotopes will not negotiate with third parties for the supply of Haleu or work on another ASP technology-based uranium enrichment facility, a statement said.

It said ASP Isotopes is also in discussions with financial institutions to provide additional capital for the Haleu facility.

Haleu is uranium enriched between 5% and 20%, which increases the amount of fissile material to make the fuel more efficient relative to lower-enriched forms of uranium.

ASP Isotopes’ subsidiary Quantum Leap Energy aims to use proprietary techniques it has developed to enrich U-235 and produce Haleu.

Many advanced reactors – likely to be deployed from the 2030s onwards – will use Haleu to achieve smaller designs, longer operating cycles, and increased efficiencies over current technologies.

Haleu Needed For First Natrium Reactor In Wyoming

One of those advanced reactors is TerraPower’s Natrium. TerraPower, a startup founded by Gates in 2008, broke ground in June 2024 for construction of its first commercial Natrium nuclear plant at Kemmerer in Wyoming, where a coal plant is shutting down.

TerraPower’s chief executive Cristopher Levesque has said that the company is aiming to start nuclear-related works in 2026 subject to receiving a permit from the US regulator. The plant is expected to be completed by 2029-2030.

However, Haleu is not yet widely available commercially. Only Russia and China have the infrastructure to produce Haleu at scale, although a number of countries have announced plans to manufacture it. In the US, Centrus Energy, began producing Haleu from a demonstration-scale cascade in October 2023 and delivered its first batch to the Department of Energy in November 2023.

ASP Isotopes believes that its enrichment technologies can be deployed in a new Haleu facility for considerably lower capital costs, and in much less time, compared to the construction of an enrichment facility using a traditional centrifuge process of Haleu production.

The company has already constructed or is in the process of constructing three isotope enrichment facilities in South Africa. The first facility is expected to enrich carbon-14 for use in healthcare and agrochemicals. The second will enrich silicon-28, which will enable faster, more efficient semiconductors for use in artificial intelligence and quantum computing. The third facility is expected to enrich ytterbium-176, a critically important raw material used in the production of oncology therapies.

“Over the last several decades, the scientists at ASP Isotopes have developed some of the world’s most advanced isotope enrichment technologies,” said Paul Mann, chairman and chief executive officer of ASP Isotopes. “This term sheet is further validation of our belief that ASP Isotopes can offer scalable and capital efficient technology solutions to the supply challenges which exist in global isotope markets.”

Residents of the Municipality of South Bruce have voted in favour of declaring itself a willing host for a Deep Geologic Repository for Canada's intermediate and high-level waste in a public referendum. South Bruce is the second community in Canada to declare its willingness to host the facility.

Fifty one percent of the votes cast in the 28 October referendum expressed willingness to host the Nuclear Waste Management Organization (NWMO) project in South Bruce. With a turnout of 69%, the outcome is binding on the municipality's council under Ontario's Municipal Elections Act.

"We are so pleased that South Bruce voters came out to have their say on this important decision," Mayor Mark Goetz said. "It is an extremely proud moment to have our community make such a momentous decision through a democratic vote."

"On behalf of everyone at the NWMO, I want to thank the residents of South Bruce for their participation in the referendum and for their efforts over many years to learn everything they can about the project and what it would mean for their community," said NWMO Vice-President of Site Selection Lise Morton.

The NWMO is tasked with the safe, long-term management of Canada's intermediate and high-level radioactive waste, in a manner that protects people and the environment for generations to come. The organisation has said it will only site the Deep Geologic Repository in a willing host community, and has been working for over 12 years to identify a suitable site with informed and willing hosts. That process has seen 22 communities that proactively expressed interest in taking part narrowed down to two areas: the Wabigoon Lake Ojibway Nation-Ignace area; and the Saugeen Ojibway Nation-South Bruce area. Both are in Ontario.

As well as the Municipality of South Bruce, the Saugeen Ojibway Nation (comprised of the Chippewas of Nawash Unceded First Nation and Saugeen First Nation) must also demonstrate willingness, and NWMO said it "continues to work closely with Saugeen Ojibway Nation as they consider if the project is a good fit for their community".

The Township of Ignace confirmed its willingness to move forward to the next phase of the site selection process in July, with 77.3% of participants in a community vote in favour of becoming a willing host community.

The NWMO said it will select its preferred site following the completion of willingness processes in other communities. It must also demonstrate that the selected site can safely contain and isolate used nuclear fuel and that Canada's used nuclear fuel can be safely transported there. Once a site is selected, the NWMO will enter a mandatory multi-year regulatory decision-making process including an impact assessment and license applications.

The results of the South Bruce referendum have been certified by election service provider Simply Voting Inc, and will be formally presented at a special meeting of the South Bruce council on 12 November.

Developed in collaboration with the Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics specifically for the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator, Thales's TH1507U gyrotron has achieved a significant milestone by reaching a total output of 1.3 megawatts in radiofrequency at a frequency of 140 gigahertz for 360 seconds.

A gyrotron is a high-powered linear beam vacuum tube that generates millimeter-wave electromagnetic waves by the cyclotron resonance of electrons in a strong magnetic field.

Thales's gyrotron plays a crucial role in the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator project by providing heating and stabilisation of the plasma, which are essential for reaching the temperatures required for magnetic confinement nuclear fusion.

The Wendelstein 7-X project - the world's largest and most powerful stellarator - not only aims to enhance the fundamental understanding of plasmas, but also to contribute to the development of commercial fusion reactors.

Munich-based Thales is the only European manufacturer of gyrotron electronic tubes. The TH1507U gyrotron was developed in collaboration with the European GYrotron Consortium, which aims to create an autonomous European source of highly reliable gyrotrons. Operating at a strategic nominal frequency of 140 gigahertz, these reactors can also adapt to other frequencies.

"The world record set by our gyrotron marks a significant milestone in the race for fusion and illustrates our commitment to technological innovation and excellence," said Charles-Antoine Goffin, vice president of Microwave & Imaging Sub-Systems at Thales. "This technological breakthrough positions Thales at the forefront of high-power plasma heating solutions, essential for addressing the energy challenges of tomorrow."

After Wendelstein 7-X generated a record plasma in February 2023 (lasting 8 minutes with an energy output of 1.3 gigajoules), the stellarator at the Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics in Greifswald, Germany, was shut down as planned for maintenance and improvements, including the installation of the new gyrotron. In September, Wendelstein 7-X started a new experimental campaign.