this post was submitted on 28 Jul 2025
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Anarchism and Social Ecology

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Anarchism

Anarchism is a social and political theory and practice that works for a free society without domination and hierarchy.

Social Ecology

Social Ecology, developed from green anarchism, is the idea that our ecological problems have their ultimate roots in our social problems. This is because the domination of nature and our ecology by humanity has its ultimate roots in the domination humanity by humans. Therefore, the solutions to our ecological problems are found by addressing our social and ecological problems simultaneously.

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Poetry and imagination must be integrated with science and technology, for we have evolved beyond an innocence that can be nourished exclusively by myths and dreams.

~ Murray Bookchin, The Ecology of Freedom

People want to treat ‘we’ll figure it out by working to get there’ as some sort of rhetorical evasion instead of being a fundamental expression of trust in the power of conscious collective effort.

~Anonymous, but quoted by Mariame Kaba, We Do This 'Til We Free Us

The end justifies the means. But what if there never is an end? All we have is means.

~Ursula K. Le Guin, The Lathe of Heaven

The assumption that what currently exists must necessarily exist is the acid that corrodes all visionary thinking.

~Murray Bookchin, "A Politics for the Twenty-First Century"

There can be no separation of the revolutionary process from the revolutionary goal. A society based on self-administration must be achieved by means of self-administration.

~Murray Bookchin, Post Scarcity Anarchism

In modern times humans have become a wolf not only to humans, but to all nature.

~Abdullah Öcalan

The ecological question is fundamentally solved as the system is repressed and a socialist social system develops. That does not mean you cannot do something for the environment right away. On the contrary, it is necessary to combine the fight for the environment with the struggle for a general social revolution...

~Abdullah Öcalan

Social ecology advances a message that calls not only for a society free of hierarchy and hierarchical sensibilities, but for an ethics that places humanity in the natural world as an agent for rendering evolution social and natural fully self-conscious.

~ Murray Bookchin

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I've long considered myself an anarchist and while I'm not very well read, I'm also not a baby anarchist. I haven't read too many books on theory, instead I mostly learn from podcasts and discussions with peers. For whatever reason, I struggle to find the mental energy to get through books. I'm vaguely familiar with communalism but I'm still struggling with conflicting information.

  1. Is communalism compatible with anarchism? I've come across people who identify as both as well as communalists who view their philosophy and goals as distinct from anarchism.

  2. Is communalism statist or anti-statist? I've heard it described as anti-statist, yet depictions of it (when distinguished from anarchism) sound to me like they aim to establish a highly decentralized and directly democratic confederation of states.

  3. How do anarchists and communalists in this community feel about the others' praxis? I'm intrigued by both, including especifismo and libertarian municipalism.

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[–] greengnu@slrpnk.net 1 points 1 hour ago
  1. Well, they share many reasons (but not all). So they are largely compatible and should help each other.

  2. Statist wouldn't be accurate but a couple of their reasons do overlap with statists regarding bad actors.

  3. Can't answer that as I am a Library Socialist.

[–] tetrislife@leminal.space 1 points 6 hours ago

I am a ... fan ... of social ecology etc. But I feel such theories are difficult to apply in today's large-scale politics. Even the path to trying out any such theories in practice probably starts with trying smaller changes like liquid democracy (that is already proven in the corporate shareholder world).

These theories might go through massive changes if they meet reality. Remnants of past "experiments", say the basis of Liedloff's continuum concept, are not quite as neat as these untested theories.

[–] tetrislife@leminal.space 1 points 6 hours ago

I am a ... fan ... of social ecology etc. But I feel such theories are difficult to apply in today's large-scale politics. Even the path to trying out any such theories in practice probably starts with trying smaller changes like liquid democracy (that is already proven in the corporate shareholder world).

These theories might go through massive changes if they meet reality. Remnants of past "experiments", say the basis of Liedloff's continuum concept, are not quite as neat as these untested theories.

[–] poVoq@slrpnk.net 15 points 17 hours ago* (last edited 17 hours ago) (3 children)

It's a subcategory of Anarchism, similar to how Syndicalism is one. Some more purist Anarchist consider it a lesser form as it does include some state like characteristics at municipal level, and on the other hand the person who is maybe most well known for Communalism (Murray Bookchin) decided to denounce Anarchism, because of (old man yells at kids playing on his lawn) "lifestyle anarchists".

[–] solo@slrpnk.net 6 points 8 hours ago

I don't agree with everything Bookchin said, but I believe that this is mostly due to the info that was available at the time (it's the ecology of freedom that I have in mind). At the same time, I really like his openness to look for new ways for social change. To my understanding, this is how he got to anarchy.

If I got this right, through his book social anarchism or lifestyle anarchim he actually denounced the path anarchy was taking: abandoning collective freedom practices, for personal freedom. I agree with this point, because imo, the important thing is to create societies that are organised in such a way (horizontaly, bottom-up etc) that nurture people so we can explore our full potential as humans. For me, the goal is not to do what I want at all times.

So he came up with social ecology and communalism, as a solution to the problems he found that contemporary anarchism had/has. And Rojava came along.

I dunno, at least this is my super-brief understanding so far.

[–] dillekant@slrpnk.net 3 points 7 hours ago

I think realistically the two are about different time horizons. Anarchism is when the protocols are in our heads. It's how we live. Communalism, to some extent, is about existing in a world where the implied violence of the system will shut down any "pure" anarchism. Create structure so the hierarchies know how to deal with it.

Sometimes it's not even about hostility. People just can't imagine a world without what exists today. Just having anarchism in your head is revolutionary.

[–] Auntievenim@lemmy.world 4 points 16 hours ago (1 children)

on the other hand the person who is maybe most well known for Communalism (Murray Bookchin) decided to denounce Anarchism, because of (old man yells at kids playing on his lawn) "lifestyle anarchists".

Glad to hear nothing ever changes lmao "these new punks are only in it for aesthetics!"

[–] Randomgal@lemmy.ca 1 points 8 hours ago

It's all posers man. It's about the ideas, not the tags.

[–] amikulo@slrpnk.net 8 points 16 hours ago

Vs? Nah, anarchism + communalism. They are very compatible. You can have local organizations structured on anarchist principles that facilitate the flow of resources in commonalist ways. Tool Libraries, Housing Cooperatives, Community Cafeterias, worker collectives, etc.

[–] Sunsofold@lemmings.world 4 points 15 hours ago

To my understanding, communalism is approximate to collectivism, prioritizing the community over the individual, working toward communal benefit. Anarchism is effectively a negative position, no one can have authority over someone else. It is technically possible for a group to be focused on mutual benefit without a hierarchy. It's just hard to start/maintain.