this post was submitted on 12 May 2025
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Titanium dioxide is the most widely used whitening pigment in the world and has been linked to adverse health effects, particularly genotoxicity and intestinal inflammation. It is applied as food coloring and a whitening agent to a wide variety of foods, including chewing gum, cakes, candies, breads and ice cream.

Because of health risks, France banned titanium dioxide as a food additive in 2020. Two years later the European Union also banned titanium dioxide as a food additive.

But in the U.S., titanium dioxide is found all over the grocery shelves. Candy like Skittles, Starbursts, and Jell-O, gum like Trident White peppermint gum and Mentos Freshmint Gum, cake products like Duncan Hines Creamy Vanilla Frosting, and Nabisco Chips Ahoy! cookies are just a few of the myriad food items that contain the additive.

A significant body of research, mostly from rodent models and in vitro studies, has linked titanium dioxide with health risks related to the gut, including intestinal inflammation, alterations to the gut microbiota, and more. It is classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) in Group 2B, as possibly carcinogenic to humans.

As a food additive, titanium dioxide and its nanoparticles in particular have been associated with DNA damage and cell mutations, which in turn, have potential to cause cancer. When used as a food coloring, it is known as E171.

With the rise of nanotechnology, research in recent years has also shown the dangers of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles, and their genotoxicity, which refers to a chemical agent’s ability to harm or damage DNA in cells, thus potentially causing cancer.

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I once ate some yogurt covered pretzels from the gas station. The next day my poop was nearly white. I checked the ingredients on those pretzels. Ingredient 1 (meaning highest concentration by weight) was titanium dioxide. There was less pretzel than TiO2. What the fuck?!?

For the record, I don't eat food without checking the ingredients anymore, like, ever. That incident taught me that the old ways of sawdust in the breadflour haven't gone away, they've just been hidden.

Also main ingredient of white paint

[–] finitebanjo@lemmy.world 14 points 1 day ago (1 children)

I was completely ready to argue with the EU assessment on this, but they did provide proper citations and links to the actual studies.

Hard to argue with that.

[–] HylicManoeuvre@mander.xyz 4 points 1 day ago (2 children)

In rats and petri dishes. Not saying that's not enough to be cautious or even ban it, but far from conclusive

[–] 100@fedia.io 15 points 1 day ago

no reason not to restrict something thats only used for cosmetics and may be potentially harmful

[–] finitebanjo@lemmy.world 7 points 1 day ago (2 children)

Still, it identified one very specific mechanism/interaction with the mice brain composition. That alone warrants a lot of caution, but I'm no expert.

[–] AnUnusualRelic@lemmy.world 16 points 1 day ago (3 children)

The EU goes with the principle of precaution. The idea being that if something looks like it might be toxic, it's probably best to remove it from the market.
Apparently in the US you first have to prove that it has decimated several families.

[–] graff@lemm.ee 4 points 1 day ago

Unless it's guns of course

[–] HorreC@lemmy.world 1 points 1 day ago (1 children)

Dont say that. Ask about roundup/bayer, they think being a massive cancer rise for decades was fine. Just all those weak people that actually got cancer that made it an issue. /s

[–] Don_alForno@feddit.org 3 points 1 day ago

The USA were pretty fine with it, until Monsanto was bought by a foreign company.

[–] finitebanjo@lemmy.world 1 points 1 day ago

It kind of makes sense at the scale of hundreds of millions of people, because:

  1. Something this common will have measurable effects, making it easy to prove in theory.

  2. There are many cases in the past of people lobbying to ban anything used by their competitors, such as Sassafras being banned in the cola wars which is still illegal to this day.

[–] HylicManoeuvre@mander.xyz 1 points 1 day ago (1 children)

Admittedly, haven't read it yet πŸ˜‚

Fair enough, but that still technically only tells you something about the effect it has on the murine brain, not necessarily the human one

[–] Fjdybank@lemmy.ca 3 points 1 day ago

Why are you dissenting without reading the underlying?

Any objection or opinion you might have is entirely discredited.

[–] Bort@hilariouschaos.com 13 points 1 day ago (1 children)
[–] fubarx@lemmy.world 0 points 1 day ago

Nooooo. Not Skittles! 😒