Gaming

game without [being exhausted of the] screen

There is your answer: if screens exhaust you, do something without screens.

Games are supposed to give you a good time, reinvigorate you, and prepare for your "real life". If you're sick of screens, then pick up pottery, or squash, or hiking, or skydiving, or cooking, or... thousands of activities out there to have a good time without a screen.

having a huge backlog

That's work. Just don't. Do stuff that makes you feel better, not just tick a box in a backlog so you feel slightly less bad.

i can't play anything that requires more than 0 minutes of my time in a session because i have extreme levels of adult ADHD or something

I know this is not for everyone, but may I suggest you to try Hoyoverse games?

Since they are designed to be played both on desktop and mobile, the game play session can be short but still meaningful.

At least this is what I do. I still play other indie games but Hoyoverse really made be forget the need to buy "AAA" games that are designed to waste players' time.

Well, I don't have a desk job and I'm on console. So while I can sympathize, I'm not really able to offer advice.

I work full time at a computer. I have two jobs, so I put in 68 hours a week (second is 28 hours a week, no overlap).

I have no issues with eye fatigue best I can tell, that or I've just gotten so used to it. I will note I do have the blue light filter on my glasses lenses my optician recommended.

I play pretty much exclusively on handheld these day. The last thing I want to do after a long day working, is to sit at my desk some more.

I have a Switch and a Steamdeck, both are fantastic for different purposes, and both let me game while relaxing on the sofa or anywhere else.

I usually bring one of then when I travel for work as well, great for killing time in airports or while flying. I'd highly recommend the Steamdeck for your situation - it's definitely worth it.