DOI

Russian lawmakers are advancing legislative amendments intensifying penalties for activities deemed supportive of adversarial states. Participation in foreign entities' operations targeting Russian security could now be classified as treason, punishable by life imprisonment. A new article, 276.1, extends these penalties to foreigners in Russia who assist adversaries, proposing sentences of 10–15 years.

This legislation aligns with strategies to counter perceived foreign ideological threats, including NGOs and historical revisionism, as outlined in recent government counter-extremism policies. Critics highlight concerns over the law's broad scope and implications for dissenters.